Citizenship in the World Merit Badge

A scout’s journey is full of adventure, learning, and responsibility. Among these responsibilities is understanding our role in the wider world. Citizenship in the World merit badge is an important part of this journey, designed to bridge the gap between young Scouts and their global environment.

It’s not just about knowing the borders of countries or their capitals. It’s about understanding our shared humanity, our global responsibility, and the ways we can all contribute to a more harmonious world.

This badge will introduce you to various global organizations working towards peace and unity. You will study different forms of government that function across continents, and understand how they function in the global landscape.

More than that, you’ll find ways to positively contribute as a citizen of the world, ensuring a safer and happier future for all.

While global events may look complicated and confusing, this guide will simplify it for you. Remember, the journey of understanding begins with a single step. So as you go through each requirement, take your time, reflect on the information, and internalize its significance.

In the end, you’ll have not only shiny new badges to add to your collection but also a wider perspective of the world.

Citizenship in the World Merit Badge Requirements

(b) Using resources such as major daily newspapers, the Internet (with your parent’s permission), and news magazines, observe a current issue that involves international trade, foreign exchange, balance of payments, tariffs, and free trade. Explain what you have learned. Include in your discussion an explanation of why countries must cooperate in order for world trade and global competition to thrive.

(b) Name at least five different types of governments currently in power in the world.

(b) Describe the roles of the following in the conduct of foreign relations.
– Ambassador
– Consul
– Bureau of International Information Programs
– Agency for International Development
– United States and Foreign Commercial Service.

(b) Visit the website of an international news organization or foreign government, OR examine a foreign newspaper available at your local library, bookstore, or newsstand. Find a news story about a human right realized in the United States that is not recognized in another country.

(c) Visit with a student or Scout from another country and discuss the typical values, holidays, ethnic foods, and traditions practiced or enjoyed there.

(d) Attend a world Scout jamboree.

1. Understanding Citizenship in the World

Citizenship in the world, to me, is a broad and all-encompassing concept that goes beyond the mere legal status of belonging to a particular nation. It’s about recognizing the interconnectedness of all people and acknowledging our shared responsibilities and goals. It’s about transcending national borders and recognizing that we are all part of a larger global community.

To be a good world citizen, I believe one must possess the following qualities:

1. Empathy: A good global citizen seeks to understand and empathize with the feelings, needs, and viewpoints of others, regardless of their background or location.
2. Awareness: This includes being informed about global issues and how actions in one part of the world can affect people in other regions. Awareness also involves recognizing cultural diversity and respecting the beliefs and traditions of others.
3. Responsibility: Taking responsibility for one’s actions and understanding how those actions can impact others is essential. This includes making ethical decisions and thinking about the larger societal and environmental implications.
4. Compassion: Being compassionate means showing kindness and consideration to those who are in difficult situations, regardless of where they are in the world.
5. Cooperation: Working together with others, both within and across national borders, to achieve common goals and solve shared problems is a hallmark of good global citizenship.

2. U.S. Citizenship Rights, Duties, and Comparisons with Other Countries

As I previously discussed in the guide for the Citizenship in the Nation merit badge, there are several ways through which an individual can become a citizen of the United States.

Becoming a citizen in the United States can be achieved through several means: birth within the U.S., having U.S. citizen parents, marrying a U.S. citizen, or completing the immigration process to become a naturalized citizen.

As a U.S. citizen, there are specific rights, duties, and obligations expected of you. These include:

Rights:

• The right to vote (18 or older)
• Freedom of speech, expression, and religion
• The right to a fair trial
• Freedom to apply for employment and work within the country
• The ability to run for political office
• The right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Duties and Obligations:

• Familiarity and compliance with all government laws
• Reporting witnessed crimes to authorities
• Jury duty participation, if called
• Honest and timely tax payment
• Military service and country defense, if needed
• Voting in local, state, and federal elections

Now, let’s compare the citizenship in the United States with that of the United Kingdom (UK) and North Korea.

United States vs. United Kingdom:

• Similarities: Both countries uphold values like free expression and voting rights.
• Differences: UK offers free healthcare through the government, unlike the U.S.

United States vs. North Korea:

• Similarities: Belief in achieving peace through strength; willingness to serve in the military.
• Differences: North Korea severely limits citizens’ rights, restricting free expression and other liberties.

Briefly, the United States shares many democratic values with the UK, while having stark differences with a more authoritarian regime like North Korea. Understanding these rights, duties, and comparisons helps us to appreciate the unique responsibilities and privileges of U.S. citizenship.

3. The Interplay of World Events, National Interests, and International Relationships

In a constantly evolving global landscape, countries are closely connected through webs of events, national interests, and diplomatic relations. A single event in one corner of the world can spread, affecting the security, economy, values, and well-being of citizens in distant countries.

Similarly, the natural gifts of a country – its geography, resources, and climate – play a critical role in shaping its economic pursuits and global alliances. To fully understand the dynamics of international relations, one must study the undercurrents of current events and the inherent attributes of a country.

A. 25th World Scout Jamboree

The 25th World Scout Jamboree, scheduled to be held in the Republic of Korea in August 2023, is not merely a gathering of Scouts but represents a significant event with potential impacts on various facets of the host country and its relationship with others.

1. Security: As the host of a large international event, South Korea will need to ensure the safety of attendees from around the world. This entails collaboration with other countries on intelligence and heightened internal security measures.
2. Economy: Hosting the Jamboree can be a substantial economic booster. It promotes tourism, increases consumption in local businesses, and showcases South Korea as a destination for international events.
3. Values: The themes of the Jamboree like “Smart & Scientific” and “Sustainability” align with South Korea’s push towards innovation and sustainable growth. It also emphasizes the values of cultural acceptance and global cooperation.
4. Health of its Citizens: In light of the global health environment, ensuring the well-being of both participants and citizens will require careful planning and adherence to health protocols. This may involve working with other nations to manage any health-related concerns.
5. International Relations: Hosting the event strengthens South Korea’s diplomatic ties with participating nations, promoting cultural exchange and mutual understanding.

In summary, the 25th World Scout Jamboree is more than a youth event; it’s an opportunity for South Korea to showcase its values, strengthen its economy, and deepen its relationships with other nations, while simultaneously navigating the complexities of security and health. It encapsulates how a singular world event can touch multiple facets of a nation’s life and its standing in the global community.

B. How South Korea’s Geography, Natural Resources, and Climate Shape Its Economy and Global Partnerships

South Korea, the host of the upcoming 25th World Scout Jamboree, provides a fascinating study of how geography, natural resources, and climate can significantly shape a country’s economy and its international relations:

• Geography: South Korea’s strategic location between China and Japan has historically made it an essential hub for trade and commerce in East Asia. Its extensive coastline supports a thriving fishing industry and facilitates maritime trade.
• Natural Resources: Although not abundant in natural resources, South Korea’s focus on technology and innovation has led it to become a leader in industries such as electronics and automobiles. The country’s scarcity of natural resources has also driven it to form partnerships with resource-rich countries for essential imports like oil and minerals.
• Climate: South Korea’s climate varies from cold winters to hot, humid summers. This range allows for diverse agricultural products such as rice, fruits, and vegetables. The changing seasons also attract tourists, boosting the tourism industry.
• Global Partnerships: The country’s geographic location and economic needs have led to strategic alliances with major global players, both in terms of trade agreements and political relationships.

In short, South Korea’s geography, limited natural resources, and varied climate have guided its economic trajectory and international partnerships. These aspects have shaped a nation that leverages its location, innovates despite resource constraints, and utilizes its climatic diversity to fuel its economy and foster global relationships.

Hosting the 25th World Scout Jamboree further underscores South Korea’s global integration and commitment to international collaboration and cultural exchange.

4. Understanding Law, Trade, and World Organizations

In an interconnected world, where boundaries seem increasingly permeable and economies are intertwined, understanding the global systems that facilitate international interactions becomes vital.

From the overarching principles of international law that guide relations between nations to the detailed nuances of global trade, our world operates on a delicate balance of cooperation and competition.

Moreover, a spectrum of international organizations plays pivotal roles in maintaining global order, ensuring humanitarian efforts, and promoting shared values. Let’s delve into the intricacies of international law, explore the complexities of global commerce, and shed light on some key organizations that shape our modern world.

A. Understanding International and National Law

International law and national law serve different purposes and apply in distinct contexts. National law is concerned with the rules that govern a particular country, shaped by its constitution and governing bodies, and it mainly applies to individuals within that nation.

International law, on the other hand, is a set of agreements and treaties forged between countries. It transcends national borders and often applies to the countries themselves rather than individuals.

The main goal of international law is to foster peace and cooperation between nations. It can be used as a tool for conflict resolution by providing a neutral framework for nations to resolve disputes, encourage dialogue, and deter war.

Through international organizations, agreements, and tribunals, international law helps in mediating and arbitrating conflicts, ensuring that nations adhere to shared principles of justice and human rights.

B. Exploring International Trade Cooperation, Tariffs, and Global Competition

Recently, the global spotlight has turned towards the issue of international trade agreements, specifically focusing on tariffs, foreign exchange, balance of payments, and free trade.

By analyzing various sources such as newspapers, online platforms, and magazines, we can understand how interconnected and complex the international economy truly is.

Countries engage in trade agreements to import and export goods, using foreign exchange markets to facilitate currency transactions. Tariffs are utilized to protect domestic industries, but they can sometimes lead to trade disputes.

Free trade agreements, on the other hand, aim to eliminate barriers and promote open markets. The balance of payments reflects a country’s economic transactions with the rest of the world, capturing all imports, exports, and financial transfers.

Countries must cooperate to ensure smooth trade relations, fair competition, and a thriving global economy, as any discord in these areas can lead to disruptions and economic downturns. Below is a simplified illustration of how these components work together:

This insight into international trade highlights the need for cooperation between countries. Harmonious relations ensure that world trade continues to flourish, allowing nations to benefit from each other’s strengths, foster innovation, and drive global competition, ultimately benefiting citizens around the world.

C. Understanding Global Organizations: World Organization of the Scout Movement and the European Union

In the global arena, various organizations play a crucial role in fostering cooperation, peace, and development. Two notable examples are the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) and the European Union (EU).

The WOSM is an umbrella organization that supports Scouting in 216 countries, established in 1922. It aids National Scout Organizations like Scouts BSA through training, projects, and events. With six regions, including Africa, Arab, Asia-Pacific, Eurasia, Europe, and Interamerica, WOSM enhances global Scouting experiences and fosters a sense of worldwide unity among young people.

The European Union, on the other hand, is a political and economic partnership formed in 1993, uniting 27 member countries (as of February 2020) under common laws and collaboration. This union has led to many benefits, such as the creation of the Euro currency and passport-free travel between many European nations.

Here’s a comparative overview:

Both organizations demonstrate how global cooperation can lead to cultural exchange, economic growth, and the enhancement of shared values. While the WOSM emphasizes youth development and unity, the EU focuses on political and economic collaboration for the betterment of Europe and its citizens.

5. Government Systems Around the World

Government systems shape the way a country is run and often reflect its cultural, historical, and philosophical foundations. Broadly, governments can be categorized into constitutional and nonconstitutional types, each with distinct characteristics and mechanisms.

While constitutional governments operate within the confines of a written constitution, outlining the laws and principles guiding the nation, nonconstitutional governments may not have such a document or may not adhere to it. Furthermore, around the globe, we can observe at least five different types of governments currently in power.

These diverse forms illustrate the multiplicity of ways human societies organize themselves and govern their citizens. Understanding these various systems is essential to grasp international relations and the dynamics of global governance.

In the subsequent discussion, we will explore the features of these systems and locate them on the world map, offering a comprehensive view of global political structures.

A. Differences Between Constitutional and Non-Constitutional Governments

Constitutional and nonconstitutional governments represent two fundamental frameworks for governing a nation, each with unique characteristics. A constitutional government, such as that found in the United States, operates within a set of principles and laws codified in a constitution. These laws act as checks and balances, ensuring that elected officials and citizens adhere to established legal norms.

The Constitution protects citizens’ rights and provides mechanisms for changing laws through established procedures, often involving public input. Conversely, nonconstitutional governments, like North Korea’s regime, are not constrained by a written constitution. Leaders have unchecked power, often leading to autocratic rule, where authorities are above the law and can administer punishment or create laws at will.

There may be a lack of an unbiased court system, and citizens’ rights are not usually protected. The stark differences between these two systems are summarized in the following table:

This comparison illustrates the significant contrasts in governance structures, legal accountability, citizens’ rights, and flexibility in law-making between constitutional and nonconstitutional governments.

Understanding these differences is crucial for analyzing political systems worldwide and recognizing the varying degrees of freedom, justice, and stability within different nations.

B. Five Types of Government Systems in the Contemporary World

Governments across the globe function within diverse frameworks, each exhibiting unique characteristics and structures. This multiplicity of government types reflects the various social, political, and historical contexts in which nations operate. Here, we’ll explore five distinct forms of governments currently in power, highlighting the nature of their governance and some of their defining features:

1. Constitutional Monarchy (The United Kingdom): A blend of monarchy and democracy, where the monarch serves mainly as a ceremonial figurehead, and political decisions are made by elected officials. Citizens’ rights are protected by law.
2. Federal Republic and Constitutional Representative Democracy (The United States): This complex structure involves a union of states governed by an elected leader and officials, bound by a constitution, with governance carried out by elected representatives.
3. Federal Semi-Presidential Republic (Russia): Governed by a constitution, Russia functions as a federal semi-presidential republic with a single president and appointed officials. However, its human rights standing is considered only ‘partially free.’
4. Socialist Republic Run by a Single Party (China): Despite being labeled a ‘socialist democracy’ by its leaders, China’s government is controlled by the Communist Party, which limits political competition. Some rights and freedoms exist, but the regime is classified as authoritarian.
5. Totalitarian Dictatorship (North Korea): North Korea operates as a non-constitutional dictatorship, severely restricting citizens’ freedoms, censoring media, and prohibiting international travel.

These systems showcase the rich variety in governmental structures and illustrate the different ways in which political power is distributed, authority is exercised, and citizens’ rights are recognized or suppressed across various nations.

C. Mapping the Distribution of Five Distinct Forms of Government Around the World

The world map reveals a complex tapestry of governmental systems, each fitting within the unique historical and cultural context of the nations they govern. From democratic republics to totalitarian regimes, the way power is organized varies widely across the globe. Here, we can categorize five main types of governments and identify specific countries where they are in operation:

1. Constitutional Monarchy: Primarily found in European nations like the United Kingdom, Spain, and Sweden, constitutional monarchies blend traditional monarchy with democratic principles. The monarch’s power is often symbolic, with real political power held by elected representatives.
2. Federal Republic and Constitutional Representative Democracy: The United States stands as a prominent example, with a federal structure that combines states’ rights with national governance, all anchored by a guiding constitution.
3. Federal Semi-Presidential Republic: Russia falls into this category, with a government that includes elements of federalism and a semi-presidential system, offering a blend of presidential and parliamentary governance.
4. Socialist Republic Run by a Single Party: China represents this form, where the Communist Party guides the nation’s policies and governance, often suppressing political opposition.
5. Totalitarian Dictatorship: North Korea is the quintessential example, with a regime that maintains strict control over its citizens, media, and economy, often violating human rights.

6. International Relations Representation, Roles, and Travel Documents

In the interconnected landscape of our world, nations must work together across various domains such as diplomacy, trade, aid, and travel. This collaboration relies on a well-structured network involving ambassadors and consuls, specialized bureaus and agencies, and vital documents like passports and visas.

Understanding these elements helps us grasp how governments represent themselves abroad, align with international organizations, and manage foreign relations. It sheds light on the intricate workings that allow countries to engage with each other, fostering peaceful coexistence and mutual cooperation.

A. Representation and Accreditation in International Organizations

When a government engages with the global community, it is represented abroad by key figures such as political heads of state or ambassadors who undertake diplomatic responsibilities. These representatives serve as the voice of their nation on the international stage, participating in forums like the United Nations and NATO to advocate their country’s interests and contribute to global discussions.

For a government to be an active participant in international organizations, it needs to be officially accredited. Accreditation, in essence, is like getting approval to be a recognized member. This endorsement signifies that the government’s membership has been accepted and formalized, often involving a ceremonial “swearing-in” process.

The United States government gains accreditation to international organizations by adhering to the rules and regulations set forth by these entities and formally becoming a member. This process solidifies the U.S. government’s status as an official participant in international affairs, enabling it to engage in collaborative efforts with other nations for the betterment of global interests.

Both individual ambassadors and diplomatic teams can be accredited to represent their country in international organizations. These accredited entities have the responsibility to actively participate in the organization’s activities, share their perspectives, and work towards advancing the organization’s objectives. This collaborative approach ensures that nations come together to address shared challenges, promote cooperation, and foster international understanding and unity.

B. Roles in Foreign Relations

In foreign relations, various roles play an important role in fostering international cooperation, understanding, and progress. Let’s dive into the different functions of the main entities that contribute to effective global diplomacy:

• Ambassador: An ambassador, often the highest-ranking diplomatic representative, embodies their country’s interests on foreign soil. With accreditation to another sovereign state or an international organization, ambassadors act as conduits between nations. Their mission is to strengthen bilateral ties, facilitate trade relationships, and promote peace through dialogue and collaboration. Their unique position involves advocating their nation’s priorities and engaging in negotiations that contribute to global stability and mutual prosperity.
• Consul: Consuls serve as official representatives stationed in foreign territories, working to provide assistance to their home country’s citizens and visitors. Unlike ambassadors, multiple consuls can be appointed from a single country to various host nations. Consuls offer support in matters ranging from travel documentation to emergency assistance, fostering a sense of security and connection for citizens abroad and contributing to the protection and well-being of travelers.
• Bureau of International Information Programs: The IIP, under the US Department of State, assumes the crucial role of shaping the United States’ image abroad. By creating strategic communications, videos, and publications targeted at international audiences, the IIP actively manages America’s reputation and showcases its values, culture, and policies. Ensuring the accuracy and accessibility of diplomatic websites, the IIP contributes to fostering understanding and promoting a positive global perception of the United States.
• Agency for International Development: USAID, a key player in global development, focuses on providing humanitarian aid and supporting infrastructure growth in developing nations. By allocating substantial funds to international causes, USAID strives to enhance the quality of life, empower democratic values, and drive progress in underserved regions. The agency’s work significantly impacts communities worldwide by addressing challenges such as poverty, health, education, and sustainable development.
• United States and Foreign Commercial Service: The Foreign Commercial Service (CS), operating within the US Department of Commerce, actively supports American businesses in expanding their reach across international markets. By assisting enterprises in navigating trade barriers, the CS contributes to boosting the revenues of US companies through increased global trade. This collaboration promotes economic growth and enhances the competitiveness of American businesses on the global stage.

C. Understanding Passport and Visa for International Travel

When embarking on a journey beyond borders, passports, and visas become essential companions, each with a distinct purpose of ensuring the legitimacy and safety of international travel.

A passport serves as a powerful identity card, confirming the holder’s citizenship to their home country. More than a simple identification document, a passport is a gateway to the world, permitting travelers to leave and return to their country of origin. This document is universally recognized as proof of nationality and is indispensable for international trips.

On the other hand, a visa is a permission slip granted by a foreign country, outlining the purpose and duration of a visitor’s stay. It’s like a guest pass that provides entry to a specific destination for a defined period.

While some countries maintain agreements that exempt certain travelers from obtaining visas, many require this authorization to control the inflow of visitors and ensure adherence to immigration regulations.

Passports and visas work together to regulate international travel. As travelers pass through border control, immigration authorities verify the authenticity of these documents, safeguarding national security and ensuring orderly entry.

The purpose of a passport and visa is not only to grant access to foreign lands but also to uphold the integrity of borders and enhance the safety of travelers and host nations alike.

7. Exploring Global Perspectives

Using the example provided in 7(a), you can structure your summary of the chosen article. Apply the knowledge you’ve gained to delve deeper into how national, political, and economic interests might be influencing the issue you’ve selected. Best of luck!

You can access the website of the U.S. State Department at state.gov.

7 (b) Here are three global news sources where you can likely discover stories about individuals advocating for greater freedoms and civil rights within their own countries.

Reading these articles might help you realize how fortunate you are to live in a time and place where your life’s course isn’t solely determined by the circumstances of your birth. This has been a rarity throughout history. Take a moment to appreciate your good fortune and feel thankful.

British and global news: bbc.com/news

Middle-Eastern and global news: aljazeera.com

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

The Citizenship in the World merit badge is an Eagle-required badge that focuses on connecting Scouts to global issues, international organizations, and world peace promotion.

The badge aims to educate Scouts about various international organizations, governments worldwide, and ways to support global harmony as responsible citizens.

Being a good global citizen means being informed, helping others, and embracing shared humanity, regardless of differences. It involves awareness of global issues and efforts to assist those in need worldwide.

International law promotes peace and justice among countries. It differs from national law by applying to all participating nations and serving as a tool for conflict resolution.

You can attend international Scout events, participate in Jamborees, or engage with Scouts online to learn about their values, holidays, foods, and customs.

You can visit the websites of international news organizations, foreign governments, and libraries to find news stories about human rights struggles in various countries.

Scouts develop a deeper understanding of global issues, cultural diversity, and their role as responsible citizens in an interconnected world.